Key West Tarpon Fishing
Wednesday, November 19th, 2008The tarpon is one of the world’s finest sporting fish. Stunningly beautiful and known as the Silver King, their aerobatic leaps make them a favourite of anglers worldwide. From March to July thousands of tarpon pass through Key West Harbour en route to their breeding areas and fishermen are drawn into town in order to pit their wits against them.
There are many different methods for catching tarpon, the style changing depending on the type of water that you are fishing. Tarpon can be caught in shallow river inlets and also on sand and mangrove flats. For these venues the favoured method is either fishing a fly coupled to a very strong rod and line or using an artificial lure. At other venues such as Islamorada the preferred method is livebaiting with small fish such as pilchards or herring. The favoured fishing style in Key West is chumming with shrimp boat trash. Let me explain what we mean by shrimp boat trash. Many shrimp fishing boats work the waters in the Gulf of Mexico and apart from netting shrimp they also net a lot of small fish called menhaden. These are sacked up and sold as bait to the tarpon fishing boats in Key West.
The method involves the skipper cutting the manhaden into small pieces and continually throwing them behind the anchored boat to attract the tarpon. The fishermen use a whole menhaden on the hook, and it is drifted back in the current towards the feeding tarpon.
The tackle suggested for Key West tarpon fishing is very simple. Our favourite rod for tarpon fishing is the 7ft 9in Conolon Boat 12-20 lb test curve rod from ABU. It sells here in the UK at £74.99. ABU also offer a 3 piece version (the Conolon Boat Traveller) which probably better suits the visiting angler. That one retails at £79.99 in the UK. Incidentally, I use that Conolon Boat rod to fish for sturgeon on the Fraser River near Vancouver and last year caught my biggest ever fish with a length of 9ft 1inch and weighing…who knows, with only two of us fishing there’s no way you can lift such a beast but I’d put it at around 400 lbs. Anyhow, back to tarpon fishing. The most widely used reels for tarpon fishing are the TLD15 and TLD20 lever drag multipliers from Shimano. The TLD 15 sells for around £80 in the UK, whilst the TLD 20 is about £15 dearer. Whatever reel you choose, it has to be super free running, since you’re attempting to make your bait drift down in the tide at a similar speed to the bait being thrown in by the skipper. My own preference is for the larger TLD 20 because the larger spool turns more slowly when you are drifting your bait down in the tide with the other advantage that it needs less turns of the handle to reel in when the bait has drifted as far you want. You’ll need the reel fully loaded with nylon, I prefer the grey Ande nylon in either 15lb or 20lb breaking strain. At the end of the line is tied a 10 foot leader of 50 lb fluorocarbon and a large circle hook. Naturally all of the light tackle boats have top class tackle for you to use if you don’t have your own.
OK, now down to the fishing. Your captain will have motored out to one of the favourite spots, maybe the yacht basin, Bokacheeka, the entrance to Key West Harbour or maybe the North West Channel. The boat is anchored at the bow and if there are other boats fishing they’ll very likely be only a few feet to one side or the other. The idea is that if everybody is chumming then there will be a steady supply of bait going down to the tarpon, keeping them in one big pod rather than splitting them up. The skipper will start chumming with the pieces of menhaden whilst you hook a whole fish onto your hook. There’s a particular way to hook these baits but don’t worry, the skipper will demonstrate how it’s done. You now let your little fish drift down the current, paying particular attention to where your line runs from the spool of the reel. A bite can be quite gentle and will often be detected by the spool of the reel suddenly running faster. As soon as a bite is seen you have to reel like hell….don’t strike !!. The magic of a circle hook is that it seemingly hooks the fish itself once you tighten the line by reeling in as fast as possible.
Once a fish is hooked things will suddenly become hectic, the fish will likely jump clear of the water and it will certainly start running towards Cuba !!. Remember when playing a tarpon that if he jumps he’ll throw the hook unless you swiftly lower the rod to ease the tension on the line. This lowering of the rod is known as “bowing to the King”, and you’ll get plenty of comments from anybody else on the boat if you lose a tarpon because he jumped and you didn’t bow. If the hooked fish is of decent size the skipper will release the anchor and set off in pursuit of the fish. It’s not unusual to unhook a tarpon a mile away from where it was hooked. It can be a long and hard fight but with a bit of luck you will eventually have the fish alongside the boat ready for a quick photograph before it is safely unhooked to fight again some other day. I remember a ‘first-timer’ fishing with us one year. He hooked his first tarpon and as it jumped he excitedly asked “how big is that” to which one wag replied “about forty minutes” !!.